Advanced Oncology Certified Nurse Practitioner (AOCNP) Certification Practice Test 2026 - Free AOCNP Practice Questions and Study Guide

Neutropenic fever is a critical condition commonly encountered in cancer patients, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy, which can significantly lower white blood cell counts. The primary concern in this scenario is the risk of infection due to the patient's compromised immune system, as neutropenia (a decrease in the number of neutrophils) renders patients highly susceptible to bacterial infections.

Prompt initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics is the cornerstone of treatment for neutropenic fever. This approach is essential because patients can deteriorate rapidly, and empirical therapy must be started before culture results are available. By administering broad-spectrum antibiotics, healthcare providers aim to cover a wide range of potential pathogens, primarily focusing on gram-negative bacteria, which are most commonly implicated in these patients.

Additional supportive measures may be implemented, such as intravenous fluids for hydration and blood products if necessary, but the immediate intervention that addresses the underlying cause of neutropenic fever is the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Other treatments, such as corticosteroids or antiviral medications, are not appropriate first-line agents in this context as they do not directly target infections that neutropenic patients are at risk for.